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FOUNDATION is a structural element of transferring the whole burden subsoil structure. Under the influence of loads transmitted to the strain reaches the ground, which in turn causes subsidence of the building. Therefore, selection of an appropriate solution to the foundation (the foundation of the building process) is to provide:
- the minimum and uniform settling of the building and its stability
- the proper depth of foundation (on a layer of soil with adequate bearing capacity and frost depth below ground)
- ease of
- securing buildings against moisture
used in building the foundations of the following breakdown:
Direct - transferring the burden directly on the ground:
- footings
- footings (at the poles, columns);
- baseplates - for hard-to-ground foundation
- grates the foundation (used for low-load-bearing land in order to increase rigidity);
- foundation boxes (used in areas of mining damage);
- the foundation blocks (mostly bridgeheads)
Lap - transferring the load indirectly (in the case of land not suitable for direct foundation.)
- piles
- Foundations
wells should be sited in the 5-10 cm layer of lean concrete, the absence of this element makes contact with the ground on concrete mix is \u200b\u200bmixed with it, causing its porosity in this space, reducing its strength and resilience to freezing.